Detector:telco.sip_trunk_auth_check
SIP trunk endpoint on the voice gateway is accepting unauthenticated INVITE and REGISTER requests. Without digest authentication or mutual TLS on the SIP trunk, any attacker who can reach the gateway can initiate or redirect calls, enabling toll fraud and call interception. The gateway listener on port 5060 has requireAuthentication: false and no IP ACL is bound.
Enable SIP digest authentication on all trunk endpoints immediately. Bind an IP-based ACL restricting inbound SIP to known carrier peer IPs. Migrate SIP signaling from UDP/5060 to TLS/5061 with mutual certificate validation. Implement registration rate limiting to prevent brute-force REGISTER floods.
FORGE Auto-Fix Applied:
Playbook: FRG-901
Action: Enabled SIP digest authentication and bound carrier IP ACL to trunk endpoint
Command: az network application-gateway update --name telco-sip-gateway-prod --resource-group titan-tier-test-20260508-144346 --set sipTrunkConfig.requireAuthentication=true sipTrunkConfig.allowedPeerIPs="['203.0.113.10','198.51.100.20']"
Citation: NIST 800-53 SC-8 (Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity), SOC 2 CC6.1, ISO 27001 A.13.1.1, FCC 47 CFR 64.2010 (CPNI Protection)
Detector:voice.srtp_enforcement_check
Media relay is configured with mediaEncryption: optional, allowing RTP streams to fall back to unencrypted transport. Unencrypted voice media is trivially interceptable via packet capture on any intermediate hop, exposing customer call audio and DTMF tones containing PINs, account numbers, and authentication codes. CDR logs confirm 38% of active sessions are negotiating plain RTP.
Set media encryption policy to required to enforce SRTP with AES-128-CM on all media sessions. Reject any endpoint that cannot negotiate SRTP. Update session border controllers to strip unencrypted media offers from SDP. Monitor for SRTP negotiation failures and alert on fallback attempts.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039021
Justification: Enforcing SRTP will reject endpoints that cannot negotiate encryption. Requires coordinated update with carrier interconnect partners to confirm SRTP support before cutover. Estimated 12% of legacy endpoints may need firmware updates.
Status: Pending CAB review
Detector:sentinel.storage_public_access_cdr
Storage account containing call detail records has allowBlobPublicAccess: true and encryption.requireInfrastructureEncryption: false. CDRs contain calling/called numbers, timestamps, duration, cell tower IDs, and IMSI values. Public access to this data constitutes a CPNI violation and exposes subscriber location patterns. Over 2.4 million CDR files detected in the container.
Disable public blob access immediately. Enable infrastructure encryption (double encryption) with customer-managed keys stored in a dedicated Key Vault. Apply a storage account network rule restricting access to the analytics VNet only. Enable soft delete and immutability policies to prevent CDR tampering. Rotate all existing SAS tokens.
Detector:bastion.signaling_gateway_exposure
Network security group for the signaling gateway has inbound rules allowing 0.0.0.0/0 on ports 2905 (M3UA/SCTP), 3868 (Diameter), and 7000-7010 (SIGTRAN). SS7 and Diameter protocols lack native authentication, meaning any internet-reachable attacker can send MAP/CAP messages to intercept SMS, track subscriber locations via ATI queries, or redirect calls. NSG rule priority 100 allows all source IPs.
Restrict signaling ports to known interconnect partner IP ranges only using explicit NSG allow rules. Deploy a signaling firewall with protocol-aware filtering for MAP, CAP, and Diameter AVPs. Block all inbound SCTP and Diameter from the public internet. Implement a Diameter Routing Agent with origin-realm validation to reject unauthorized peers.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039022
Justification: Restricting signaling ports requires coordination with 6 interconnect partners to confirm their egress IP ranges. Blocking prematurely could sever roaming and SMS interworking. Maintenance window needed during low-traffic period (02:00-06:00 UTC).
Status: Pending CAB review
Citation: NIST 800-53 SC-7 (Boundary Protection), SOC 2 CC6.6, ISO 27001 A.13.1.3 (Segregation in Networks), GSMA FS.11 (SS7/Diameter Security)
HIGHSCOUTP70INC AUTO-FIXEDINC-SCOT-0905
RADIUS Authentication Using Deprecated MD5-CHAP Protocol
Detector:scout.radius_auth_protocol_check
RADIUS gateway is configured with authenticationProtocol: MD5-CHAP for subscriber authentication. MD5-CHAP is cryptographically broken and vulnerable to offline dictionary attacks. An attacker capturing RADIUS Access-Request packets can recover subscriber credentials within minutes using commodity hardware. Over 14,000 subscriber sessions authenticate through this gateway daily.
Migrate RADIUS authentication to EAP-TLS or EAP-TTLS with certificate-based mutual authentication. If certificate deployment is not immediately feasible, upgrade to PEAP-MSCHAPv2 as an interim step. Enable RADIUS over TLS (RadSec) for transport security between NAS devices and the RADIUS server.
FORGE Auto-Fix Applied:
Playbook: FRG-905
Action: Upgraded RADIUS authentication protocol from MD5-CHAP to EAP-TLS and enabled RadSec transport encryption
Command: az network vnet-gateway update --name telco-radius-gw-01 --resource-group titan-tier-test-20260508-144346 --set vpnClientConfiguration.radiusServerAuthProtocol=EAP-TLS vpnClientConfiguration.radiusServerTransport=RadSec
Citation: NIST 800-53 IA-2 (Identification and Authentication), SOC 2 CC6.1, ISO 27001 A.9.4.2, FCC 47 CFR 64.2010
Detector:telco.voip_fraud_detection_check
Cloud PBX has no fraud detection rules configured. No thresholds for international call volume spikes, no premium-rate number blocking lists, and no concurrent call limits per extension. Historical CDR analysis shows 3 extensions made 142 calls to premium-rate destinations in the last 30 days with no alerting triggered. Estimated fraud exposure is Custom/month if exploited at scale.
Deploy call fraud detection rules including: maximum concurrent calls per extension (limit 5), international call volume thresholds with auto-block, premium-rate number blacklists (IRSF database), geo-velocity checks for roaming subscribers, and after-hours call pattern alerting. Integrate with real-time CDR streaming for sub-minute detection latency.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039023
Justification: Fraud detection rules require baseline traffic profiling for 7 days before thresholds can be tuned accurately. Aggressive blocking without baselining risks false-positive disconnections for legitimate high-volume users. Phased rollout across extension groups recommended.
Status: Pending CAB review
Citation: NIST 800-53 SI-4 (Information System Monitoring), SOC 2 CC7.2, ISO 27001 A.12.4.1, FCC Toll Fraud Prevention Guidelines
HIGHCOMPLYP70CHG AWAITING APPROVALCHG-COMP-0907
CPNI Data Retention Exceeds FCC Maximum 24-Month Window
Detector:comply.cpni_retention_check
CPNI database contains subscriber call detail records with timestamps dating back 47 months. FCC rules require carriers to purge CPNI data that is no longer necessary for the purpose it was collected. Records older than 24 months include calling patterns, cell site data, and service feature usage for 312,000 subscribers. No automated retention policy or purge job is configured on the database.
Implement an automated data lifecycle policy that purges CPNI records older than 24 months. Configure Azure SQL temporal tables with retention policies. Create a separate cold archive for records required by CALEA preservation orders with explicit legal hold flags. Document the retention schedule and obtain legal review before purge execution.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039024
Justification: Bulk deletion of 23 months of historical CPNI data requires legal review to confirm no active CALEA preservation orders or litigation holds apply. Data protection officer sign-off required. Estimated purge volume is 1.8 million records across 4 tables.
Status: Pending CAB review
Citation: FCC 47 CFR 64.2009 (CPNI Safeguards), 47 CFR 64.2005 (Use of CPNI), NIST 800-53 SI-12 (Information Handling and Retention), SOC 2 CC6.5, ISO 27001 A.8.2.3
HIGHPULSEP70INC AUTO-FIXEDINC-PULS-0908
DNS Recursive Resolver Open to Amplification Attacks
Detector:pulse.dns_amplification_check
DNS resolver accepts recursive queries from any source IP with no rate limiting. The resolver responds to ANY-type queries with amplification factors up to 70x, making it an ideal reflector for DDoS amplification attacks. Query logs show 8,400 spoofed-source queries in the last 24 hours originating from known botnet IP ranges. The resolver is also configured with EDNS0 buffer size of 4096 bytes, maximizing amplification potential.
Restrict recursive resolution to subscriber IP ranges only via DNS ACLs. Implement response rate limiting (RRL) with a maximum of 5 identical responses per second per source. Disable ANY-type query responses. Reduce EDNS0 buffer size to 1232 bytes per current best practice. Enable DNSSEC validation and deploy DNS query logging to a SIEM for anomaly detection.
FORGE Auto-Fix Applied:
Playbook: FRG-908
Action: Applied DNS ACL restricting recursion to subscriber ranges, enabled response rate limiting, and disabled ANY-type queries
Command: az dns-resolver policy update --name telco-dns-resolver-prod --resource-group titan-tier-test-20260508-144346 --set recursionPolicy.allowedSourceRanges="['10.0.0.0/8','172.16.0.0/12']" responseLimiting.maxResponsesPerSecond=5 queryTypeBlacklist="['ANY','RRSIG']"
Citation: NIST 800-53 SC-5 (Denial of Service Protection), SOC 2 CC6.6, ISO 27001 A.13.1.3, US-CERT Alert TA13-088A (DNS Amplification)
Detector:secure_code.hardcoded_credential_scan
Application settings for the CDN origin API contain hardcoded credentials: CDN_ORIGIN_SECRET is stored as a plaintext string in app configuration rather than referenced from Key Vault. The same credential has been present for 11 months with no rotation. If the CDN origin secret is compromised, attackers can bypass CDN caching and directly access origin servers, enabling content injection and cache poisoning across the entire subscriber content delivery network.
Migrate the CDN origin secret to Azure Key Vault and reference it using a Key Vault reference in app settings (@Microsoft.KeyVault(VaultName=...;SecretName=...)). Enable automatic secret rotation with a 90-day policy. Implement managed identity for the App Service to authenticate to Key Vault without additional credentials. Audit all other app settings for hardcoded secrets.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039025
Justification: Migrating the CDN origin secret to Key Vault requires updating the CDN provider configuration to accept the new credential simultaneously. A brief CDN cache miss spike is expected during rotation. Coordinated deployment with the CDN operations team required during maintenance window.
Status: Pending CAB review
Citation: NIST 800-53 IA-5 (Authenticator Management), SOC 2 CC6.1, ISO 27001 A.9.2.4 (Secret Authentication Information), OWASP Top 10 A07:2021
Detector:audit.calea_intercept_logging_check
The SIEM workspace has no dedicated audit table for lawful intercept access events. CALEA requires carriers to maintain tamper-evident logs of all access to intercept systems, including who initiated a wiretap, when it was activated, and the target identifier. Without these logs, the organization cannot demonstrate compliance during FCC or DOJ audits and cannot detect unauthorized intercept access by insiders.
Create a dedicated immutable audit log table for all lawful intercept events with write-once retention of 7 years. Enable Azure Monitor diagnostic settings to capture all authentication and authorization events on intercept infrastructure. Implement tamper-evident log hashing with daily hash chain verification. Restrict read access to the legal compliance team only via Azure RBAC.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039026
Justification: Creating the lawful intercept audit table requires schema approval from the legal compliance officer. Immutability policy settings and 7-year retention have cost implications (Custom/year estimated). RBAC role assignments need legal team member enumeration from HR.
Status: Pending CAB review
Citation: CALEA 47 USC 1004(a)(2) (Compliance Capability Requirements), NIST 800-53 AU-9 (Protection of Audit Information), SOC 2 CC7.2, ISO 27001 A.12.4.2 (Protection of Log Information)
Detector:voice.sip_registration_flood_check
SIP TLS listener accepts unlimited REGISTER requests per source IP with no rate limiting or throttling configured. An attacker can exhaust the registrar capacity by sending thousands of REGISTER requests per second, preventing legitimate subscribers from registering and effectively causing a denial of service for all voice services. Load testing shows the gateway saturates at 2,200 concurrent registrations with no backpressure mechanism.
Configure SIP registration rate limiting to 10 REGISTER requests per source IP per minute. Implement progressive throttling that increases backoff intervals for repeat offenders. Deploy a SIP-aware WAF rule that validates REGISTER request integrity before forwarding to the registrar. Enable SIP session tracking to detect and block registration hijacking attempts.
FORGE Auto-Fix Applied:
Playbook: FRG-911
Action: Enabled SIP REGISTER rate limiting at 10 requests per source IP per minute with progressive throttle and auto-block after 50 failed attempts
Command: az network application-gateway waf-policy custom-rule create --policy-name telco-sip-waf-policy --resource-group titan-tier-test-20260508-144346 --name SIPRegisterFloodBlock --priority 10 --rule-type RateLimitRule --rate-limit-threshold 10 --rate-limit-duration OneMin --action Block
Citation: NIST 800-53 SC-5 (Denial of Service Protection), SOC 2 CC6.6, ISO 27001 A.13.1.1 (Network Controls), RFC 5765 (SIP Overload Control)
MEDIUMFORGEP50INC AUTO-FIXEDINC-FORG-0912
TLS 1.0/1.1 Enabled on Subscriber Self-Service Portal
Detector:forge.tls_version_check
Subscriber self-service portal has minTlsVersion: 1.0 configured, allowing connections using deprecated TLS 1.0 and TLS 1.1 protocols. These protocols are vulnerable to BEAST, POODLE, and downgrade attacks. Subscribers access this portal to view bills, manage CPNI preferences, and update account PINs. TLS handshake logs show 2.1% of sessions still negotiating TLS 1.1.
Set minimum TLS version to 1.2 on the subscriber portal. Configure the TLS cipher suite to prefer ECDHE key exchange with AES-GCM. Enable HSTS with a max-age of 31536000 seconds and include subdomains. Monitor for TLS downgrade attempts in the WAF logs and alert on any TLS 1.0/1.1 negotiation after the cutover.
FORGE Auto-Fix Applied:
Playbook: FRG-912
Action: Set minimum TLS version to 1.2 and enabled HSTS with 1-year max-age on subscriber portal
Command: az webapp config set --name telco-subscriber-portal --resource-group titan-tier-test-20260508-144346 --min-tls-version 1.2 --ftps-state Disabled && az webapp config set --name telco-subscriber-portal --resource-group titan-tier-test-20260508-144346 --generic-configurations '{"http20Enabled":true}'
Detector:sentinel.nfv_integrity_monitoring_check
Virtual machine scale set hosting network functions (vEPC, vIMS, vSBC) has no file integrity monitoring agent installed. VNF hosts are high-value targets because compromising them grants access to subscriber voice and data traffic. Without FIM, unauthorized modifications to VNF binaries, configuration files, or kernel modules will go undetected. The scale set runs 8 instances with no guest attestation configured.
Deploy Azure Guest Configuration agent with file integrity monitoring covering VNF binary directories, configuration files, and kernel module paths. Enable secure boot with vTPM attestation on all VMSS instances. Configure real-time alerts for any unauthorized file modification. Implement a golden image pipeline that rebuilds VNF hosts from verified base images on a weekly schedule.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039027
Justification: Installing the Guest Configuration agent requires a rolling restart of VMSS instances, causing temporary capacity reduction on VNF hosts. Must be scheduled during off-peak maintenance window to avoid impacting voice service capacity. Estimated 15-minute rolling restart per instance.
Status: Pending CAB review
Citation: NIST 800-53 SI-7 (Software, Firmware, and Information Integrity), SOC 2 CC7.1, ISO 27001 A.12.4.1, ETSI NFV SEC 012 (VNF Security)
Detector:bastion.bgp_peering_auth_check
ExpressRoute private peering BGP session is configured with the factory-default MD5 authentication key. Default keys are publicly documented by equipment vendors and trivially guessable. An attacker with access to the peering fabric can inject malicious BGP route advertisements, redirecting subscriber traffic through attacker-controlled paths for interception or blackholing. The peering carries routes for 4 production VNets and 2 transit VNets.
Rotate the BGP MD5 shared secret to a cryptographically random 32-character value. Implement BGP prefix filtering with explicit allow-lists to reject unauthorized route advertisements. Enable BGP Route Origin Validation (ROV) using RPKI. Configure maximum-prefix limits on all peering sessions to detect route leak attempts. Schedule quarterly BGP key rotation.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039028
Justification: Rotating the BGP peering key requires synchronized updates on both the Azure ExpressRoute circuit and the carrier edge router. A mismatch causes BGP session teardown and full traffic loss on all 6 VNets. Carrier NOC coordination required with a 30-minute maintenance window.
Status: Pending CAB review
Citation: NIST 800-53 SC-23 (Session Authenticity), SOC 2 CC6.1, ISO 27001 A.13.1.1, MANRS (Mutually Agreed Norms for Routing Security)
MEDIUMCOMPLYP50INC AUTO-FIXEDINC-COMP-0915
Subscriber Location Data Accessible Without Opt-In Consent Verification
Detector:comply.location_consent_check
Subscriber location API v2 returns cell tower triangulation data without verifying opt-in consent status. The API policy pipeline has no inbound policy checking the subscriber consent database before returning location coordinates. API call logs show 42,000 location queries in the last 7 days with zero consent validation checks. FCC rules require explicit opt-in consent before disclosing location data to third-party applications.
Add an inbound API Management policy that queries the subscriber consent database and returns HTTP 403 if opt-in consent is not recorded. Implement consent granularity levels (coarse/precise location). Log all location API access with the requesting application identity for audit purposes. Deploy rate limiting per API consumer key to prevent bulk location harvesting.
FORGE Auto-Fix Applied:
Playbook: FRG-915
Action: Deployed inbound API policy requiring subscriber opt-in consent verification before returning location data, with 403 rejection for non-consented queries
Command: az apim api policy create --service-name telco-location-api --resource-group titan-tier-test-20260508-144346 --api-id subscriber-location-v2 --xml-content "<policies><inbound><validate-consent database-connection='consent-db' consent-type='location-optin' on-failure='return-403' /><rate-limit calls='100' renewal-period='60' /></inbound></policies>"
Detector:scout.network_tap_encryption_check
Network tap subnet is forwarding mirrored traffic to analytics collectors using unencrypted VXLAN encapsulation. The mirrored traffic includes raw subscriber session data, voice packets, and signaling messages. An attacker with access to any host in the transit path between the tap point and the collector can passively capture all mirrored traffic. The tap covers 3 core network interfaces carrying 12 Gbps aggregate subscriber traffic.
Encrypt all mirrored traffic using IPsec tunnel mode between tap points and analytics collectors. Implement MACsec on the physical links where supported. Isolate the network tap subnet with strict NSG rules allowing only collector IPs. Deploy packet broker appliances that strip subscriber PII before forwarding to non-privileged analytics systems. Rotate IPsec pre-shared keys quarterly.
Change Request Filed:
CHG ID: CHG0039029
Justification: Enabling IPsec on the tap tunnel introduces 8-12% throughput overhead. Collector infrastructure must be capacity-tested to confirm it can handle encrypted traffic at 12 Gbps sustained. Network architecture review required to validate that encryption does not break deep packet inspection workflows.
Status: Pending CAB review
Citation: NIST 800-53 SC-8 (Transmission Confidentiality), SOC 2 CC6.6, ISO 27001 A.13.2.1 (Information Transfer Policies), CALEA Technical Requirements (Intercept Confidentiality)
TITAN AI - TELECOM tier live proof - generated 2026-05-09 | All 16 findings auto-forwarded to| titanaisec.com